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A humpback whale has made an incredible journey, traveling over 8,000 miles across three oceans, setting a new record for the longest documented travel between breeding areas. This remarkable migration, detailed in Royal Society Open Science, may be influenced by changing ocean conditions or new mating strategies, according to researchers. Professor Darren Croft, a behavioral ecologist at the University of Exeter and Executive Director of the Centre for Whale Research, suggests that climate change might be altering food availability or competition for mates, prompting whales to explore new regions. He shared his insights with NBC News, describing the findings as a major breakthrough in understanding the vast distances humpback whales can travel.
Migration from Colombia to Zanzibar
The whale was first photographed near Colombia’s Pacific coast in 2013 and spotted again in the same area in 2017. By 2022, it was identified near Zanzibar in the Indian Ocean, a significant move from its previous locations. Croft told NBC News that this journey is akin to swimming from London to Tokyo and back.
The study, backed by photographic evidence from the citizen science platform HappyWhale.com, demonstrates that humpback whales can change their breeding grounds. Ryan Reisinger, an Associate Professor at the University of Southampton and the report’s handling editor, expressed excitement about the study, highlighting the value of photographic data in tracking whale movements.
Climate Change and Marine Migrations
Humpback whales usually migrate between cooler feeding areas in summer and warmer breeding spots in winter. These findings prompt questions about whether improved technology is simply enhancing tracking capabilities or if climate change is affecting migratory behaviors. Reisinger, speaking to NBC News, emphasized that more data is needed to fully understand these patterns.
Marine species, including whales, are being forced to adapt as ocean conditions change. The use of AI and satellite imaging in tracking whale movements provides researchers with crucial data for analyzing these shifts.
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